Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Currently, there is no therapy that can interfere with the underlying inflammatory processes of COPD. Preliminary work on WP6 showed that the alveolar macrophage and its non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have a central role in the development of COPD. The aim of this WP is to develop antisense oligonucleotides against ncRNAs that, by coupling to a ligand, achieve enhanced uptake in alveolar macrophages and thus locally increased drug levels.